# The Chemistry Behind Textile Cleaning
Not all stains are the same, and not all fibers react the same way to the same chemical agents. The difference between saving a garment and ruining it lies in understanding the molecular nature of the stain and the structure of the fiber.
01 — Controlled Oxidation
02 — Solubilization by Solvents
# Fiber Sovereignty: Why Fiber Type Matters
Not all fibers "eat" the same way. Silk and wool are proteins (fibroin and keratin). If you apply an enzymatic detergent designed to "eat proteins" (blood or egg stains) without control, the detergent will start to degrade the fiber itself, destroying its sheen and the fabric's structure.
# The Danger of Heat
One of the most common mistakes is using hot water to "soften" a blood stain. Chemically, heat causes the coagulation of the proteins in the stain, permanently bonding them to the porous structure of the fiber. Protein stains must always be treated with cold water.
Emergency Protocol: Red Wine
A. Passive absorption: Blot with absorbent paper, never rub to avoid mechanical spreading.B. Osmotic neutralization: Cover with fine salt to draw the liquid out from the core of the fiber.
C. Chemical action: Apply a paste of percarbonate and water at 40°C if the fiber is heat-resistant.
# Specific Solvents and Precautions
Acetone is an exceptional solvent for nail polish or adhesives, but it is destructive to acetate fabric. As fibers derived from cellulose but chemically treated, acetone literally dissolves the fabric.
Isopropyl alcohol is more stable, but on dyed synthetics it can carry away the pigment itself. We always recommend the "hem test" on a hidden area before the main treatment.